Swachh Bharat Mission- Gramin or SBM-G is the Government of India’s (GoI) flagship rural sanitation programme.
Using government data, this brief reports on trends for SBM-G along the following parameters:
■ Allocations and expenditures
■ Physical progress of toilets built
■ Expenditures incurred under Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities
■ Coverage and open defecation (OD)
The Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban (SBM-U) is the Government of India’s (GoI) nationwide flagship programme targeting universal sanitation coverage in urban areas.
Using government data, this brief reports on:
■ Allocations and releases
■ Physical progress of toilets built and Solid Waste Management (SWM)
■ Funds released for Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities
■ Progress towards ending Open Defecation
The Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), previously called the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA),is the Government of India’s (GOI) flagship programme for providing access to sanitation facilities.
Using government data, this brief reports on trends for SBM along the following parameters:
Here, we report results from a late 2018 survey that revisited households from the 2014 survey in four states: Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. Although rural latrine ownership increased considerably over this period, open defecation remains very common in these four states. Outcomes suggest the need for transparent, fact-based public dialogue about the SBM: its costs and benefits, its accomplishments and means.
This report is the culmination of a study conducted by the Accountability Initiative (AI) on Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin in 2017 on the request of the Udaipur district administration. The study understands the outcomes, and the processes, which led to Open Defecation Free status in selected Gram Panchayats.
In 2012, the Government of India rechristened the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA), this was accompanied by a significant increase in allocations.
The launch of the NBA has reignited the debate on a more outcomes focused delivery model for rural sanitation. However, this move comes in the wake of Census 2011 findings that only 30.7 percent of rural households in India have access to any toilets. In contrast, the TSC’s own data reported achievement rates of close to 80 percent.
This raises some important questions regarding the current planning and budgeting structures for sanitation delivery.
Through a detailed analysis of Government of India (GOI) planning and budgeting documents, and analysis of the online monitoring system, this report focuses on the data from TSC in order to identify implementation challenges and lessons that can be learnt for the NBA.
Further, the report undertakes a comparison of Census 2011 data on rural sanitation with the online monitoring system of TSC to understand the reasons for the differences and also estimate the additional funds required to achieve universal coverage of household toilets.
This research was carried out for the State of Sanitation Project. The project was supported by Arghyam.
